Police Abuses And Its Effects On Today s Society

In the past couple of years, phrases such as Hands up, don’t shoot and We can’t breathe have been shouted from the streets. Acts of violence and misconduct committed by the police have masses of people coming together and protesting the widespread problem. However, this current issue has been around for longer than Michael Brown and Eric Garner, two recent victims of police brutality. Offences from our police have occurred and were debated about for decades, but now are being brought back anew in these tumultuous times. Though police transgressions have an infamous place in history and a big part of today’s society, some still do not see it as that big of a problem. Others think the issue is causing the stereotyping of all the cops†¦show more content†¦Then, in November, Tamir Rice was shot in Cleveland. Walter L Scott was shot on April 4, 2015, after a routine traffic stop. Then, Freddie Gray died while in police custody in Baltimore in the same month. These are just a few examples of unreasonable deaths that are fresh in memory. Of course, there have been more deaths than those that make the news. According to Cop Crisis, 1,296 Americans were killed by the police last year, and 239 have already been killed this year. Some other statistics are that a quarter of those who are killed by officers are identified to be mentally ill. Also, Mapping Police Violence found that 98% of police offenders were not charged with a crime. Racism also plays heavily in police brutality, as African Americans are assaulted three times the rate of Caucasians or other ethnic minorities (Wong). These facts demonstrate that police brutality is nothing to be scoffed at, and public safety departments need to rebuild their policies in some way in order to solve this issue. One of the main roots of the problem with police brutality is that our police departments have too much power, as described in this quote, The advent of modern policing has greatly altered the balance of power between the citizen and the state in a way that would have been seen as constitutionally invalid by the Founders (Balko). This is similar to the idea of John Dalberg-Acton, Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely† (â€Å"John Emerich Edward

Kant And Kant s Philosophy - 1657 Words

â€Å"A transcendental principle is one by which we think the universal a priori condition which alone things can become objects of our cognition in general[.]† -Immanuel Kant, p 20 of Critique of Judgment This quote most aptly describes Kant’s purpose in writing a critique of aesthetic judgment, with the most important term being â€Å"transcendental.† The Oxford Dictionary defines the word as â€Å"presupposed in and necessary to experience† (what Kant refers to as a priori). In this sense, it is something that pertains to elements of human experience and then in turn conditions human knowledge. Basically (and specific to this essay and to Kant’s theory), what needs to be present for a judgment of aesthetics to occur? Kant divides the â€Å"Analytic of Aesthetic Judgment† into four moments according to the four divisions of the table of logical functions of judging: quality, quantity, relation and modality. In doing research for this essay, I found that Kant was interested in analytical investigations into many subjects and did so in an almost scientific fashion, so this sort of division makes sense . Each moment is serial, and the questions raised in one moment are then addressed in the following moment. â€Å"I have used the logical functions of judging to help me find the moments that judgment takes into consideration when it reflects† (Kant, pg. 43). Based on this context, these moments are not temporal moments, but more realms of thought or consideration. How are the conceptualShow MoreRelatedKant And Kant s Moral Philosophy Essay1709 Words   |  7 PagesMoral Philosophy Every moral philosopher has their own moral approach and method to arriving at a moral decision. This is an overview of Kant, Mill, Aristotle and Held s moral approaches as well as their similarities and differences to each other. Kant s main point in The Categorical Imperative is that the morality of one s actions should be judged based on the motives behind the action. Kant also states that the only correct maxims are those which are universal laws. According to Kant, ourRead MoreKant And Kant s Philosophy2023 Words   |  9 PagesImmanuel Kant was an exceptional philosopher who often fantasized about the wonders of the human perception. Through the power of imagination in the human mind Kant was able to postulate possible answers to the great questions of existence. He was daring and bold to wonder what constitutes the beauty of the human soul, how the existence of an all-powerful entity would be possible, and also what do human beings really do to perceive their surroundings. With such notable works as Critiques of PracticalRead MoreKant s Philosophy Of Philosophy1220 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom the philosophical teachings of David Hume, when Immanuel Kant—Father of Western philosophy—entered the picture. Kant’s â€Å"central question was whether metaphysics—as the science of being itself—objects as they exist fundamentally and independently of our perceptions and interpretations, is possible† (Richards 1). It is said that Kant was sent to rescue philosophy from the hands of Hume. After consulting Hume’s works, however, Kant came to the â€Å"conclusion that metaphysics was not possible, butRead MoreKant s Philosophy Of Philosophy2351 Words   |  10 Pagesphilosopher, tutor and professor, Immanuel Kant, contributed highly complex deontological works of philosophy during the time of the Age of Enlightenment—an era when learned men in society urged others to live according to reason and individualism, rather than continuing simply to follow tradition. This was a time for questioning, for employing scientific, evidentiary knowledge where once there had been action only according to faith, to unsupported beliefs. Kant s works ai ded in bringing important changesRead MoreImmanuel Kant And Kant s Philosophy Essay2094 Words   |  9 PagesImmanuel Kant in his work â€Å"An answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?† reflects his understanding of immaturity as the main source for not being enlighten(p.41). It is true that Kant animalized human beings ,â€Å"It is so easy to be immature† is best understood as an attack towards human beings’ because of our naivetà ©. It is only normal for us to apprehend knowledge from others. Immanuel Kant emphasizes on the lack of self-esteem, caring, and trustworthiness in ourselves. The lack of zeal toRead MoreKant And Kant s Theory Of Philosophy953 Words   |  4 PagesINFLUENCED BY: Kant was influenced by the scientist known for discovering gravity, Isaac Newton. Kant viewed the universe in a very mechanistic way, i.e., things operated according to fixed rules and emphasized the pre-eminence of reason as an authority for knowledge. It was this emphasis on reason that lead him towards his deontological theory, therefore he was concerned with the actions, not the consequences. Kant theory was influenced by: †¢ Religion: Kant thinking was used in Britain to challengeRead MoreKant And Kant s Philosophy On Ethics970 Words   |  4 Pagesas-moral principles that govern a person s or group s behavior. Is there a universal ethical behavior ? Are all countries ethical ? Theses very same questions many philosophers have tried to figure through time from Socrates to Immanuel kant (and to this very day for the matter!). While comparing two great eathist Plato and Immanuel Kant I, the writer argue that Kant s ideological views on ethics were far superior to Plato’s due to several factors. For one Kant was born in a more recent time and isRead MoreImmanuel Kant s Philosophy And Philosophy1389 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Paper- Immanuel Kant Immanuel Kant was a famous philosopher whose philosophical influences impacted almost every new philosophical idea, theory, concept etc. In a sense, he was considered the central face of contemporary philosophy. Kant spent his whole life in Russia. Starting out as a tutor, to then a professor, he lectured about everything; from geography to obviously philosophy. In his early life, he was raised to emphasize faith and religious feelings over reason and theological principlesRead MoreKant s Philosophy On Moral Philosophy Essay1519 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough Kant s philosophy, outlined in The Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals, has some value as a moral guide, it alone is not always sufficient. After analysing Kant s objective moral imperative, I will show that implementing his philosophy has the potential to permit what is considered to be immoral. This is due to its rigid conditions, which are formed on the basis that he believes in the existence of a perfect morality that always holds true. However, I will argue that there is notRead MoreImmanuel Kant s Philosophy On Philosophy844 Words   |  4 Pagesnot know where and what to follow. Therefore, many philosophers came up with ideas to convince people to live  ¨better ¨. Rationalism related with the overview of mathematical approaches into philosophy during the period by the major rationalist figures such as Descartes, Leibniz and Spinoza developed people ´s way of thinking in many different ways. Rationalism is perspective which engages the rational and deductive reason, an opposite structure from personal experience or teachings as the foundation

Manipulative essay Free Essays

A manipulative and exploration aid in math is a great way to show children math concepts. Manipulative have proven to be valuable when used in math class and are even more valuable to the children when they are young. From reading in the textbook and reading articles about manipulative in a classroom in my opinion it seems like a very useful tool to help the children learn new math concepts. We will write a custom essay sample on Manipulative essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Having these concepts shows children how to learn and progress in the classroom. Using manipulative in a classroom is beneficial to both the student and the teacher because the teacher is able to explain the concepts to the students in a much easier manner using hands-on technique. The students are able to physically visualize the math concepts and gain knowledge because they understand what they are learning. Plus during this type of learning you are having fun with the activity. When you make these concepts fun for the students you can keep their attention and focus. When the children have the concepts down their self esteem goes up and they eel encouraged to keep on using the manipulative and visual aids. Children will be more proud of themselves when they understand the learning. Besides building your self esteem it will help the children to develop self-confidence as well as the teachers. Using hands-on technique will keep the children and the teachers happy and want to continue the learning. As a child I don’t really remember using manipulative objects In my math class. Math was always very hard and confusing to me. Maybe If I was taught with these manipulative I might have enjoyed math. Today I see my niece In preschool and how they use the manipulative and visual aids. She Is learning so much. From this I can see how Important and valuable It Is In the learning for the children. In conclusion, from my essay I think manipulative and exploration visual aids In mathematical applications are a very usual tool In the classroom. It really helps the children understand math concept. From doing the research you can tell hands-on technique and manipulative Is an awesome concept for teaching young children. How to cite Manipulative essay, Essays

Genetic Engineering, History And FutureAltering Th Essay Example For Students

Genetic Engineering, History And FutureAltering Th Essay e Face Of ScienceScience is a creature that continues to evolve at a much higher rate than the beings thatgave it birth. The transformation time from tree-shrew, to ape, to human far exceeds the timefrom analytical engine, to calculator, to computer. But science, in the past, has always remaineddistant. It has allowed for advances in production, transportation, and even entertainment, butnever in history will science be able to so deeply affect our lives as genetic engineering willundoubtedly do. With the birth of this new technology, scientific extremists and anti-technologists have risen in arms to block its budding future. Spreading fear by misinterpretationof facts, they promote their hidden agendas in the halls of the United States congress. Geneticengineering is a safe and powerful tool that will yield unprecedented results, specifically in thefield of medicine. It will usher in a world where gene defects, bacterial disease, and even agingare a thing of the past. By understandi ng genetic engineering and its history, discovering itspossibilities, and answering the moral and safety questions it brings forth, the blanket of fearcovering this remarkable technical miracle can be lifted. The first step to understanding genetic engineering, and embracing its possibilities forsociety, is to obtain a rough knowledge base of its history and method. The basis for altering theevolutionary process is dependant on the understanding of how individuals pass oncharacteristics to their offspring. Genetics achieved its first foothold on the secrets of naturesevolutionary process when an Austrian monk named Gregor Mendel developed the first laws ofheredity. Using these laws, scientists studied the characteristics of organisms for most of thenext one hundred years following Mendels discovery. These early studies concluded that eachorganism has two sets of character determinants, or genes (Stableford 16). For instance, inregards to eye color, a child could receive one set of genes from his father that were encoded oneblue, and the other brown. The same child could also receive two brown genes from his mother. The conclusion for this inheritance would be the child has a three in four chance of havingbrown eyes, and a one in three chance of having blue eyes (Stableford 16). Genes are transmitted through chromosomes which reside in the nucleus of every livingorganisms cells. Each chromosome is made up of fine strands of deoxyribonucleic acids, orDNA. The information carried on the DNA determines the cells function within the organism. Sex cells are the only cells that contain a complete DNA map of the organism, therefore, thestructure of a DNA molecule or combination of DNA molecules determines the shape, form, andfunction of the organisms offspring (Lewin 1). DNA discovery is attributed to the researchof three scientists, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, and James Dewey Watson in 1951. Theywere all later accredited with the Nobel Price in physiology and medicine in 1962 (Lewin 1). The new science of genetic engineering aims to take a dramatic short cut in the slowprocess of evolution (Stableford 25). In essence, scientists aim to remove one gene from anorganisms DNA, and place it into the DNA of another organism. This would create a new DNAstrand, full of new encoded instructions; a strand that would have taken Mother Nature millionsof years of natural selection to develop. Isolating and removing a desired gene from a DNAstrand involves many different tools. DNA can be broken up by exposing it to ultra-high-frequency sound waves, but this is an extremely inaccurate way of isolating a desirable DNA section (Stableford 26). A more accurate way of DNA splicing is the use of restrictionenzymes, which are produced by various species of bacteria (Clarke 1). The restrictionenzymes cut the DNA strand at a particular location called a nucleotide base, which makes up aDNA molecule. Now that the desired portion of the DNA is cut out, it can be joined to anotherstrand of DNA by using enzymes called ligases. The final important step in the creation of anew DNA strand is giving it the ability to self-replicate. This can be accomplished by usingspecial pieces of DNA, called vectors, that permit the generation of multiple copies of a totalDNA strand and fusing it to the newly created DNA structure. Another newly developedmethod, called polymerase chain reaction, allows for faster replication of DNA strands and doesnot require the use of vectors (Clarke 1). The possibilities of genetic engineering are endless. Once the power to control theinstructions, given to a single cell, are mastered anything can be accomplished. For example,insulin can be created and grown in large quantities by using an inexpensive gene manipulationmethod of growing a certain bacteria. This supply of insulin is also not dependant on the supplyof pancreatic tissue from animals. Recombinant factor VIII, the blood clotting agent missing inpeople suffering from hemophilia, can also be created by genetic engineering. Virtually allpeople who were treated with factor VIII before 1985 acquired HIV, and later AIDS. Beingcompletely pure, the bioengineered version of factor VIII eliminates any possibility of viralinfection. Other uses of genetic engineering include creating disease resistant crops, formulatingmilk from cows already containing pharmaceutical compounds, generating vaccines, andaltering livestock traits (Clarke 1). In the not so distant future, genetic enginee ring will becomea principal player in fighting genetic, bacterial, and viral disease, along with controlling aging,and providing replaceable parts for humans. Medicine has seen many new innovations in its history. The discovery of anestheticspermitted the birth of modern surgery, while the production of antibiotics in the 1920sminimized the threat from diseases such as pneumonia, tuberculosis and cholera. The creationof serums which build up the bodies immune system to specific infections, before being laid lowwith them, has also enhanced modern medicine greatly (Stableford 59). All of these discoveries,however, will fall under the broad shadow of genetic engineering when it reaches its apex in themedical community. The Revolutionary War EssayThe evolution of man can be broken up into three basic stages. The first, lasting millionsof years, slowly shaped human nature from Homo erectus to Home sapiens. Natural selectionprovided the means for countless random mutations resulting in the appearance of such humancharacteristics as hands and feet. The second stage, after the full development of the humanbody and mind, saw humans moving from wild foragers to an agriculture based society. Naturalselection received a helping hand as man took advantage of random mutations in nature and bredmore productive species of plants and animals. The most bountiful wheats were collected andre-planted, and the fastest horses were bred with equally faster horses. Even in our recenthistory the strongest black male slaves were mated with the hardest working female slaves. Thethird stage, still developing today, will not require the chance acquisition of super-mutations innature. Man will be able to create such super-s pecies without the strict limitations imposed bynatural selection. By examining the natural slope of this evolution, the third stage is a naturaland inevitable plateau that man will achieve (Stableford 8). This omniscient control of ourworld may seem completely foreign, but the thought of the Egyptians erecting vast pyramidswould have seem strange to Homo erectus as well. Many claim genetic engineering will cause unseen disasters spiraling our world intochaotic darkness. However, few realize that many safety nets regarding bioengineering arealready in effect. The Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee (RAC) was formed under theNational Institute of Health to provide guidelines for research on engineered bacteria forindustrial use. The RAC has also set very restrictive guidelines requiring Federal approval ifresearch involves pathogenicity (the rare ability of a microbe to cause disease) (Davis, Roche69). It is well established that most natural bacteria do not cause disease. After many years ofexperimentation, microbiologists have demonstrated that they can engineer bacteria that are justas safe as their natural counterparts (Davis, Rouche 70). In fact the RAC reports that there hasnot been a single case of illness or harm caused by recombinant engineered bacteria, and theynow are used safely in high school experiments (Davis, Rouche 69). Scientists have alsodevised other methods of preventing bacteria from escaping their labs, such as modifying thebacteria so that it will die if it is removed from the laboratory environment. This creates a shieldof complete safety for the outside world. It is also thought that if such bacteria were to escape itwould act like smallpox or anthrax and ravage the land. However, laboratory-created organismsare not as competitive as pathogens. Davis and Roche sum it up in extremely laymens terms,no matter how much Frostban you dump on a field, its not goi ng to spread (70). In factFrostbran, developed by Steven Lindow at the University of California, Berkeley, was sprayed ona test field in 1987 and was proven by a RAC committee to be completely harmless (Thompson104). Fear of the unknown has slowed the progress of many scientific discoveries in the past. The thought of man flying or stepping on the moon did not come easy to the average citizens ofthe world. But the fact remains, they were accepted and are now an everyday occurrence in ourlives. Genetic engineering too is in its period of fear and misunderstanding, but like every greatdiscovery in history, it will enjoy its time of realization and come into full use in society. Theworld is on the brink of the most exciting step into human evolution ever, and throughknowledge and exploration, should welcome it and its possibilities with open arms. Works CitedClarke, Bryan C. Genetic Engineering. Microsoft (R) Encarta. Microsoft Corporation, Funk ; Wagnalls Corporation, 1994. Davis, Bernard, and Lissa Roche. Sorcerers Apprentice or Handmaidento Humanity. USA TODAY: The Magazine of the American Scene GUSA 118Nov 1989: 68-70. Lewin, Seymour Z. Nucleic Acids. Microsoft (R) Encarta. MicrosoftCorporation, Funk ; Wagnalls Corporation, 1994. Stableford, Brian. Future Man. New York: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1984. Thompson, Dick. The Most Hated Man in Science. Time 23 Dec 4 1989:102-104

English proficiency free essay sample

Second language anxiety In formal researches, foreign language anxiety has clearly been shown to have a negative effect on performance in the foreign language classroom (Aid, 1994; Hurwitz, Hurwitz, Cope, 1986; McIntyre Gardner, 1991). However, Sparks and Swansong (1991) have argued to the contrary that, rather than affective factors such as motivation, anxiety or attitude, and foreign language learning are affected by the native language factors.Sparks, Swansong and Savory (2000) contend that some sort of cognitive handicap is the cause of both low proficiency in a second language LO hereafter) and the accompanying anxiety. Anxiety in Speaking Public speaking anxiety is very common among both universities students and also the general population. It is a feeling of panic associated with physical sensations that are all too painfully familiar to those affected such as increased heart and breathing rates, increased adrenaline, over-rapid reactions, and a tension in the shoulder and neck area. Almost 20% of university students face the problem of public speaking anxiety (McCracken, 1977). We will write a custom essay sample on English proficiency or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He also defined anxiety In broad-based as an individuals level of fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication with another person or persons. The apprehension of speaking before a group of individuals remains a problem In the twenty-first century.According to Cracking (2004), the fear of delivering a speech or a presentation ranks as the number one fear among most people, Including students as well as adults from many diverse backgrounds. Ares, Hop and Peterson (2000) referred communication or speaking anxiety related with the delivering of speech or the fear or anxiety associated with anticipating the delivery of a speech.

Trauma Development and Spirituality Essay Example

Trauma Development and Spirituality Essay Trauma, Development, and Spirituality 1-Explain how trauma can affect development, most specifically neural development. 2-Discuss how spiritual development can counter the effects of trauma. 3-What elements influence how much trauma will impact a child? 4-Give details on the prevalence of different types of trauma and if they differ among different cultures. (at least 600 words and at least 2 academic journals from the Liberty Online Database) Include a subheading per discussion question to keep the paper organized. Follow the â€Å"APA Cheat Sheet† in the course closely! We will write a custom essay sample on Trauma Development and Spirituality specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Trauma Development and Spirituality specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Trauma Development and Spirituality specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Labour Law Assignment Essay Example

Labour Law Assignment Essay Example Labour Law Assignment Essay Labour Law Assignment Essay INTRODUCTION:- 1) Definition of Industry As per Section 2(j) of Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 â€Å"Industry† means any systematic activity carried on by co-operation between an employer and his workmen (whether such workmen are employed by such employer directly or by or through any agency, including a contractor) for the production, supply or distribution of goods or services with a view to satisfy human wants or wishes (not being wants or wishes which are merely spiritual or religious in nature), whether or not,- Definition of industry before amendments in 1982:- Industry means any business, trade, undertaking, manufacture or calling of employees and includes any callings, service, employment, handicraft or Industrial occupation or avocation of workmen. ) any capital has been invested for the purpose of carrying on such activity; or ii) such activity is carried on with a motive to make any gain or profit, and includes- a) any activity of the Dock Labor Board established und er section 5-A of the Dock Workers any activity relating to the promotion of sales or business or both carried on by an establishment, but does not include- b) Any agricultural operation except where such agricultural operation is carried on in an integrated manner with any other activity (being any such activity as is referred to in the foregoing provisions of this clause) and such other activity is the predominant one. Explanation:- For the purposes of this sub-clause ,† agricultural operation† does not include any activity carried on in a plantation as defined in clause (f) of section 2 of the Plantation Labour Act,1951 1) hospitals or dispensaries 2) educational, scientific, research to training institutions 3) institutions owned or managed by organizations wholly or substantially engaged in any charitable ,social or philanthropic service, any activity of the Government relatable to the sovereign functions of the Government including all the activities carried on by the departments of the Central Governments dealing with defense research , atomic energy and space 4) any domestic service ) any activity ,being a profession practiced by an individual or body of individuals ,if the number of persons employed by the individuals or body of individuals in relation to such profession is less than ten 6) Any activity , being an activity carried on by a co-operative society or a club or any oth er like body of individuals , if the number of persons employed by the co-operative society ,club or other like body of individuals in relation to such activity is less than ten 2) Definition of Industrial Dispute As per Section 2(k) of ID Act, 1947 â€Å"industrial dispute† means any dispute or difference between employers and employers ,or between employers and workmen, or between workmen and workmen , which is connected with the employment or non-employment or the terms of employment or with the conditions of labour , of any person Industrial dispute means any dispute or difference between – Three ingredients are:-  ¦ Any person who is a workman employed in an industry can raise an industrial dispute. A workman includes any person (including an apprentice) employed in an industry to do manual, unskilled, skilled, technical, operational, clerical or supervisory work for hire or reward.  ¦   It excludes those employed in managerial or administrative capacity. In dustry means any business, trade, undertaking, manufacture and includes any service, employment, handicraft, or industrial occupation or avocation of workmen EXAMPLES:- 1) While Tata Motors has decided to move its Nano factory out of Singur after violent protests by farmers, this isnt the first time that there has been a standoff between industry and farmers unwilling to surrender land. )   In August, the Supreme Court gave South Korean steel firm POSCO the use of large swathes of forestland in Orissa for a $12-billion plant that protesting farmers said would displace thousands of people. The protests delayed the start of construction on the plant, which could be Indias single biggest foreign investment to date. 3) In the same month, the Supreme Court allowed Vedanta Resources to mine bauxite in hills considered sacred by tribal people in Orissa. The mining would feed an alumina refinery, part of an $800-million project that has been widely opposed. Environmentalists say the open- cast mine will wreck the rich biodiversity of the remote hills and disrupt key water sources vital for farming. 3) Definition of Workman As per Section 2(s) of ID Act, 1947 workman† means any person (including an apprentice) employed in any industry to do any manual ,unskilled ,skilled ,technical ,operational ,clerical or supervisory work for hire or reward ,whether the terms of employment be express or implied ,and for the purposes of any proceeding under this Act in relation to an industrial dispute ,includes any such person who has been dismissed ,discharged or retrenched in connection with ,or as a consequence of ,that dispute ,or whose dismissal ,discharge or retrenchment has led to that dispute ,but does not include any such person- i) who is subject to the Air Force Act,1950 (45 of 1950),or the Army Act,1950(46 of 1950), or the Navy Act,1957(62 of 1957) ii) who is employed in the police service or as an officer or other employee of a prison iii) Who is employed mainly i n a managerial or administrative capacity iv) Who being employed in supervisory capacity, draws wages exceeding Rs. 1600